Hi Michael,
When I first switched over from aluminum to carbon rim brake surfaces, I was skeptical. I had heard stories about weaker braking and carbon rims delaminating under high heat. But I was surprised by how good the braking was, using carbon-specific brake pads such as Swisstop Black Princes. I would put braking power just about on par as that of aluminum rims, and I have never found myself under-braked (though I will add that at 130lbs. none of my brakes have had to work very hard. If I were 230, that might be a different story. But I cannot speak to that from experience). I'm also pretty sure that heat-induced delamination is mostly a horror of the past--that most of today's carbon manufacturers have figured that issue out.
One area where carbon braking surfaces do indeed suffer is when they get wet. From my experience, those stories are true. I really, really try not to ride in the ride, but I have been caught out a few times, and wet carbon rims take a scary-long time to come to a stop. This is where disc brakes have an advantage.
When I built up my V20c, I switched to TRP mechanical disc brakes. While they do their job well, they've never made me wish that I had made the change earlier. And when I ride my S30, which still has caliper brakes and carbon rims, the braking performance is about the same as the V with disc brakes. The main difference is lever feel, and even then...meh, whatever.
I do have new rims from Light Bicycle coming for the S30--a disc brake rim for the front, and a caliper brake rim for the rear, like what you have. If I ever do any loaded touring (now that I am retired), it will be on the S30, and if I ever get caught in the rain, having that front disc brake should be nice.