On my 2018 V20 I have Shimano 105 R7000 165mm cranks with 52/34t chainrings, and they have worked perfectly since day 1. You can also get them in a 50/34t and just remove the 34t ring. My Force AXS FD works perfectly so I don't think you'll have any FD problems if you install it, but if you want to save a few grams of weight by removing the 34t inner ring, and saving even more weight by making it a 1x system without a FD or heavy shifter then that should be fine. Of course Ultegra and Dura Ace are steps up from 105, but in light of crank arm failures under heavy loads with those two I decided to stay with the more robust 105 crank arms. Keep in mind this is me over-estimating my actual power as I haven't seen +800w in a while on any ride.
Back to the FD, and the problems you had... there are many possible issues so I won't try to guess which caused your problems, but the AXS FD works flawlessly on my V20. So, I don't think you should have any fear about it shifting properly between the front 2 rings if you go with a 2x system. Whether you can get the right chain tension with a 2x system with that 10x50 cassette is out of my paygrade.
I currently have a working 2X system since I bent the derailleur loop. I took it for a 40 mile ride yesterday and it did work well. But I still don't like how the chain slips when moving from the large chainring to the small one. It's not that bad, but it annoys me. The chain also rattles while switching from the small to large chainring. Also not that bad, but... I also like one less derailleur to worry about with the 1X system. I did have some issues while on my tour with the FD. I don't care at all about weight. My touring bags will be 40-50 lbs. What's another pound or so. I also have seen no issue with crank arm failures on either of my bikes (S40 and V20), both of which have the Ultegra HolllowTech II cranks. Both are 165mm.
I don't think you want to just remove the small chain ring to make it a 1X. The large chainring needs to move to be aligned to the center of the freewheel or you may have cross chain stresses. I wouldn't mind using the cranks I have but I think I have to get cranks that are designed for the 1X drive. I also think (not sure
The SRAM Eagle rear mechs for 50t cassetes are specifically 1*12, I think. You need to adjust the B-screw for a small changes of chainrings and for bigger changes adjust chain length, if you want to be able to shhift all cogs. (Or have a carefully placed idler to counter the chain length difference.)
I just ordered all the components for the conversion last night from Pro Bike Supply.
Includes:
SRAM GX Eagle Chain - 12-Speed, 126 Links, Gray
SRAM GX Eagle XG-1275 Cassette - 12-Speed, 10-52t, Black, For XD Driver Body
SRAM Rival eTap AXS HRD Shift/Brake Lever and Hydraulic Disc Caliper - Right/Rear, Flat Mount 20mm Offset, 1800mm Hose, Black, D1
SRAM Rival eTap AXS HRD Shift/Brake Lever and Hydraulic Disc Caliper - Left/Front, Flat Mount 20mm Offset, 950mm Hose, Black, D1
SRAM GX Eagle AXS Rear Derailleur - 12-Speed, Long Cage, 52t Max, Lunar
SRAM Battery & Charger
$949.00
I purchased from Wolf Tooth:
Set of 4 Chainring Bolts + Nuts for 1X
$24.95
Chainring -- 110 BCD Asymmetric 4-Bolt for Shimano Cranks, Drop-Stop B / 50T
$89.95
I plan to put the Shimano components back on my S40 so it's functional again. I made it into an eBike.
I appreciate the suggestions to help me decide how to go about this.